WASHINGTON, DC, USA (AP) — When in Asia, make sure handshakes aren’t too long — or short. Don’t bobble names or titles. Stifle the critical tweets. Don’t question the food.

These points of etiquette and protocol are part of the region’s core culture known as “face” — keeping yours, helping others save theirs. In many ways, they are the opposite of President Donald Trump’s impulsive, in-your-face style. And he’s not expected to soften it even in the shadow of North Korea, with whom he’s rattled sabers about “fire and fury” and nuclear war.

“The president will use whatever language he wants to use,” National Security Adviser HR McMaster told reporters yesterday, on the eve of Trump’s 12-day tour through South Korea, China, Vietnam and the Philippines. “I don’t think the president really modulates his language. Have you noticed?”

So much for the prospects of Trump and the finer points of protocol during the trip, on which he’ll be toting a hefty economic and national security agenda. But he’ll have a squad of White House and State Department officials guiding the way on other, more logistical matters in the ancient discipline of choreographing everything — from how a room is set up to who stands where — and avoiding embarrassments.

“One of the things with protocol is obviously to do no harm,” Sean P Lawler, Trump’s nominee to be to be US chief of protocol, said Wednesday before the Senate committee considering his confirmation. As the director of visits and diplomacy for the National Security Council, he will accompany Trump on the trip.

“We are the bridge,” said Capricia Marshall, President Barack Obama’s chief of protocol from 2009 to 2013.

Protocol experts say American informality frequently gets lost in translation in the traditional cultures Trump will be visiting.

On Wednesday, Trump showed signs of understanding the sensitivity. Even as he complained during a Cabinet meeting about “bad” trade deals and deficits, including with China, Trump was restrained.

“I don’t want to embarrass anybody four days before I land in China,” Trump said, before adding: “But it’s horrible.”

Among the challenges Trump faces as he heads to Asia are the complexities of the “Asian face,” a concept that’s foreign to many Americans but lies at the foundation of societies across the region.

Generally, it means making sure behaviour, posture, gestures, remarks and more do not spark strong negative emotions in others, or oneself.

So, for example, Trump’s 19 seconds of shaking, patting and yanking the hand of Japan’s leader at the White House in February crossed all kinds of cultural lines. Prime Minister Shinzo Abe responded with an on-camera eye roll as Trump looked away. Trump is playing golf with Abe during the trip, according to White House officials.

Names and titles are important in Asia.

In July, the Trump White House issued a news release that called Chinese President Xi Jinping the leader of “the Republic of China”. Xi is the president of the People’s Republic of China. Taiwan calls itself the Republic of China. China said it received an apology from the US.

Then there’s Trump’s fondness for using Twitter to respond to comments he doesn’t like — “bing, bing, bing,” as he told Fox Business Network this month. In Asia, doing that in real time could offend the region’s cultural aversion to confrontation.

Particularly in China, a breach of protocol can affect the content of the meeting, according to Peter Selfridge, the most recent holder of the chief of protocol post, from 2013 to Trump’s inauguration in January.

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