NEWPORT NEWS, Virginia (AP) — A teacher who was shot by her 6-year-old student in Virginia can press forward with her $40 million lawsuit against a school system over claims of negligence by school administrators, a judge ruled Friday.

The surprise decision by Newport News Circuit Court Judge Matthew Hoffman means that Abby Zwerner could get much more than just workers’ compensation for the serious injuries caused by January’s classroom shooting.

Lawyers for Newport News Public Schools had tried to block the lawsuit, arguing that Zwerner was eligible only for workers’ compensation. It provides up to nearly 10 years pay and lifetime medical care for injuries.

Zwerner’s attorneys countered that workers’ compensation doesn’t apply because a first-grade teacher would never anticipate getting shot: “It was not an actual risk of her job.”

Hoffman sided with Zwerner, concluding that her injuries “did not arise out of her employment” and therefore did not “fall within the exclusive provisions of workers’ compensation coverage.”

The judge wrote: “The danger of being shot by a student is not one that is peculiar or unique to the job of a first-grade teacher.”

Zwerner was hospitalised for nearly two weeks and endured multiple surgeries after a bullet struck her hand and chest. Zwerner alleges that administrators ignored multiple warnings the boy had a gun that day and had routinely dismissed ongoing concerns about his troubling behaviour.

“This victory is an important stepping stone on our path towards justice for Abby,” Zwerner’s attorneys, Diane Toscano, Jeffrey Breit and Kevin Biniazan, said in a statement.

“We are eager to continue our pursuit of accountability and a just, fair recovery,” they said. “No teacher expects to stare down the barrel of a gun held by a six-year-old student.”

Zwerner no longer works for the school system. A tentative trial date for her lawsuit is scheduled for January 2025.

The school board’s attorneys indicated that they would appeal Friday’s decision and said in a statement that they “fully anticipate its reversal by the appellate court.”

The school board maintained that Zwerner’s injuries were directly related to her job and therefore covered under workers’ compensation.

“The actual risk of employment in this scenario is that of a teacher being injured at the hands of a student which, unfortunately, is a fairly common occurrence and one that is only increasing in frequency this day and age,” school board attorney Anne Lahren said in a statement.

Some legal experts expected Zwerner’s lawsuit to fail under Virginia’s uncommonly strict workers’ compensation law. That’s because it covers workplace assaults and allegations of negligence against employers. Lawsuits that might move forward in other states often falter in the Commonwealth.

In early January, the 6-year-old pulled out his mother’s handgun and shot Zwerner as she sat at a reading table in front of her first-grade class. She rushed the rest her students into the hallway before collapsing in the school’s office.

The shooting revived a national dialogue about gun violence and roiled this military shipbuilding cit y near the Chesapeake Bay.

Zwerner sued in April, alleging school officials ignored multiple warnings that the boy had a gun and was in a violent mood.

Police have said the shooting was intentional. Zwerner claims school officials knew the boy “had a history of random violence” at school and home, including when he “choked” his kindergarten teacher.

In his ruling on Friday, Judge Hoffman wrote that the shooting against Zwerner was “personal.”

Judge Hoffman noted that the boy had the gun with him from the beginning of the school day until just before dismissal.

“It was not until the student was back in (Zwerner’s) classroom that he decided to fire it once, striking (Zwerner),” Judge Hoffman wrote. “He did not at any time threaten any other student, teacher or administrator at the school with a firearm.”