LOS ANGELES (AP) — Prosecutors have called a leading expert on the anaesthetic propofol to testify against the doctor charged in Michael Jackson’s death.

Dr Steven Shafer is expected to be the final prosecution witness in the case against Dr Conrad Murray. Prosecutors are expected to rest their case next week after Shafer’s testimony concludes.

Shafer helped craft guidelines for appropriate propofol dosing for sedation.

Murray told police he was using the anaesthetic to help Jackson sleep, which other doctors have testified was a gross deviation from the standard of care.

Defence attorneys are expected to rely on a colleague of Shafer to offer a counter-argument.

Authorities say Murray gave Jackson a fatal dose of propofol. Murray has pleaded not guilty to involuntary manslaughter.

Experts repeatedly told jurors that Michael Jackson’s doctor acted with “gross negligence” throughout his treatment of the pop superstar, a theme that will likely be repeated as prosecutors near the end of their involuntary manslaughter case against the physician.

The conclusion of the prosecution’s case, which is likely will extend into next week, brings defence attorneys a step closer to revealing how they will counter damaging evidence presented through more than 30 witnesses so far.

Testimony resumed yesterday with Dr Nader Kamanger, a UCLA sleep expert, being cross-examined by defence attorney J Michael Flanagan about Jackson’s insomnia.

The defence case shifted on Wednesday when an attorney for Dr Conrad Murray revealed he was abandoning the theory that Jackson swallowed the fatal dose of the anaesthetic propofol.

The Houston-based cardiologist has pleaded not guilty, and his attorneys have repeatedly told jurors they will show Jackson self-administered either the anaesthetic or the sedative lorazepam without Murray’s knowledge. They had invested months before the trial on the theory that Jackson somehow drank propofol and caused his own death.

Flanagan stunned a judge and prosecutors before testimony resumed Wednesday by saying the results of a study he commissioned confirmed that if Jackson swallowed the anesthetic, its effects would be “trivial.” He said the issue wouldn’t be raised with jurors.

Murray’s attorneys may still argue that Jackson gave himself the fatal dose of the drugs, but a pair of experts told jurors that even if that happened, it didn’t change that Murray went far astray from medical norms.

The experts, a cardiologist and Kamanger, who both practice emergency medicine, said Murray should have never been giving Jackson propofol as a sleep aid.

“It’s beyond a departure from the standard of care into something unfathomable,” said Kamanger.

Kamanger said that even if Jackson did somehow give himself the fatal dose of a drug, Murray would still be at fault.

“Here you have a patient that may potentially have a substance abuse problem,” Kamanger said. “It sounds like he had a substance abuse problem.”

He also noted that Murray left the singer alone in his bedroom on June 25, 2009, with a variety of drugs readily available.

Jackson’s death, he said, was “a foreseeable complication.”

Both Kamanger and Dr Alon Steinberg, a cardiologist, said Murray’s admission that he didn’t call 911 for at least 20 minutes and his ineffectual resuscitation efforts left Jackson with little chance for survival.

“Every minute counts,” Steinberg said, adding that even a five-minute delay in calling could be the difference between life and death. He called Murray’s behavior “strange” and along with Kamanger criticized the cardiologist for trying to perform CPR on Jackson’s bed rather than a hard surface.

Kamanger and Steinberg each listed multiple reasons why they felt Murray acted with “gross negligence” while acting as Jackson’s personal physician as the singer prepared for a series of comeback concerts in 2009. Steinberg noted that Murray lacked sophisticated medical equipment that is present in hospital settings where propofol is supposed to be administered.

Kamanger said there was no evidence that Murray attempted to diagnose the underlying reasons why Jackson couldn’t sleep and was giving the singer sedatives that were addictive.

Prosecutors are expected to conclude their portion of the case by calling anesthesiology professor and researcher Dr Steven Shafer, a leading expert on propofol.

Defence attorneys will likely call several witnesses and are relying on another anaesthesiologist, Dr Paul White, to try to counter the prosecution experts. White sat in the courtroom Wednesday, occasionally conferring with Flanagan and Murray’s other defense attorneys.

The cardiologist could face up to four years behind bars and the loss of his medical license if convicted.