WASHINGTON, USA — CHINESE hackers broke into the computer networks of the Office of Personnel Management earlier this year with the intention of accessing the files of tens of thousands of federal employees who had applied for top-secret security clearances, according to The New York Times.

Senior US officials say the hackers gained access to some of the agency’s databases in March before the threat was detected and blocked, the Times reported in an article posted on its website Wednesday night. How far the hackers penetrated the agency’s systems was not yet clear, the newspaper said.

Accusations of hacking by China and counterclaims of such activity by the US government have strained US-Chinese relations. Chinese hacking has been a major theme of US-China discussions this week in Beijing, though both sides have publicly steered clear of the controversy.

White House spokesman Josh Earnest yesterday said that both the federal personnel office and the Department of Homeland Security took steps to mitigate any risk as soon as they learned about the possible intrusion.

“We have no reason to believe that personal identifiable information was compromised,” Earnest said from Austin, Texas, where President Barack Obama had events.

Secretary of State John Kerry was asked about the Times report after wrapping up meetings in Beijing yesterday. “At this point in time, it does not appear to have compromised any sensitive material,” he said. “I’m not going to get into any specifics of the ongoing investigation.”

Kerry said he did not discuss the specific case with the Chinese, but added, “We’ve been clear on larger terms that this is an issue of concern.”

A Chinese government spokesman yesterday reiterated Beijing’s oft-stated position that it is “resolutely opposed” to Internet hacking and said there were parties who wanted to make China look like a cybersecurity threat.

“Some of the American media and cybersecurity firms are making constant efforts to smear China and create the so-called China cyberthreat,” Foreign Ministry spokesman Hong Lei said at a regular briefing. “They have never been able to present sufficient evidence. We are deeply convinced that such reports and commentaries are irresponsible and are not worth refuting.”

In May, the Justice Department filed a 31-count indictment against five Chinese military officials operating under hacker aliases and accused them of penetrating computer networks of a half-dozen steel companies and makers of solar and nuclear technology to gain a competitive advantage. The Chinese government denied the allegations and suspended a working group on cyber rules that was to be part of the annual Strategic and Economic Dialogue this week.

The Office of Personnel Management houses personal information for all federal employees. Those applying for security clearances would be expected to provide such information as foreign contacts, previous jobs, past drug use and other personal details, the newspaper reported.

The Times quoted an unidentified senior US official as saying that the attack had been traced to China but that it wasn’t clear whether the hackers were part of the government.

The Office of Personnel Management oversees a system by which federal employees applying for security clearances enter financial data and other personal information, the Times said, and those who maintain such clearances are required to update their information through that system. Agencies and contractors use the information to investigate employees.

The attack in March was not announced, even though the Obama administration has urged US companies to share information about breaches in security with the government and with consumers, the newspaper reported.

“The administration has never advocated that all intrusions be made public,” Caitlin Hayden, a spokeswoman for the Obama administration, said in a statement to the Times. “We have advocated that businesses that have suffered an intrusion notify customers if the intruder had access to consumers’ personal information. We have also advocated that companies and agencies voluntarily share information about intrusions.”

Hayden said the administration had no reason to believe that personally identifiable information for employees had been compromised.