A girl’s best friend
FLEXING its muscle among contraceptive options is the copper T IUD (intrauterine device).
It is a long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) method. The ‘heavy weight’ leader in contraceptives, the IUD is more than 99 per cent effective in preventing unplanned pregnancies for up to 10 years depending on the brand. An IUD can be removed by the nurse or doctor at any time during those years and fertility returns quickly.
Thinner than a matchstick, the IUD is inserted in the vagina and up to the cervix by a trained doctor or nurse who uses a special instrument during the procedure.
The T-shaped IUD has copper on the stem and arms of the device and two very thin nylon strings. In order to fit it in the applicator for insertion, the arms of the IUD are folded down to align with the stem. When it reaches the cervix, that is the top of the uterus or womb, the health-care professional releases its folded arms and the IUD springs into place, and into action, providing immediate contraceptive protection.
How something so small can have such a big impact has to do with its ability to create a ‘hostile’ environment for sperm. The IUD releases copper in small amounts that affect the motility or movement of the sperm preventing them from reaching the fallopian tubes to fertilise a released egg or to implant in the uterine cavity.
Hidden away in the uterus, the nylon strings on the end of the stem of the device need to be checked every month after the woman has had her period or menses. This is to ensure that it is still in place and guaranteeing maximum contraceptive protection. Checking requires inserting the longest finger into the vagina and feeling for the strings that the health-care provider had cut short when the IUD was first put in. But acceptors of the method must be careful not to pull on the strings as this can shift its position, or make it fall out.
An IUD is a great support to couples, as it plays a role in limiting or spacing pregnancies to improve chances for financial independence. Health-care providers can help to improve the popularity of this method by introducing it to clients and answering all the questions that may come at them.
Right now a girl’s best friend is a longer-term contraceptive method, like the hormone-free IUD.
This article was contributed by Dianne Thomas, director of communication and public relations at the National Family Planning Board.
