The following was written by University of Technology, Jamaica, College of Oral Health Sciences student Nichole Clarke and lecturer Dr Meleka Daley for Oral Health Day, celebrated March 20.

THE World Health Organization (WHO) has recognised oral diseases as the most prevalent condition worldwide – across all ages, genders, and income levels. In Jamaica, dental caries remains a prevalent and often overlooked health issue. According to the Oral Health Country Profile for Jamaica published by the WHO (2022), alarming statistics reveal a high prevalence of oral diseases, including untreated caries of primary teeth (45 per cent) and permanent teeth (30.1 per cent), as well as severe periodontal disease. The importance of investing in oral health cannot be overstated, and these statistics underscore the urgent need for increased awareness and investment in preventive dental care. These conditions, if left unaddressed, can detrimentally affect the overall health and quality of life of all Jamaicans.

Dental caries, or tooth decay, not only causes physical discomfort, but also carries considerable societal and economic implications that can negatively affect a person’s quality of life. As such, investing in oral health yields a multitude of benefits that surpass the individual to encompass society as a whole. Dental caries can significantly impact an individual’s self-esteem and confidence, often leading to feelings of embarrassment and self-consciousness due to visible decay or tooth loss. Furthermore, the influence of dental caries on social interactions and relationships cannot be underestimated, as individuals may experience discrimination, affecting their overall well-being. The psychological effects of dental caries on mental health encompass the emotional distress and anxiety associated with the condition, highlighting the pervasive impact it has on an individual’s psychological health (American Psychiatric Association, 2023).

Currently, Jamaica faces challenges in oral health promotion due to a shortage of oral health workforce professionals (WHO, 2022). However, innovative solutions are being explored to mitigate these challenges. For preventing caries, new methods, such as materials that slowly release fluoride over time are being developed. In the meantime, we must urge Jamaicans to employ the “old ways” for caries prevention, such as brushing with fluoride toothpaste and flossing at least twice per day to disrupt cariogenic bacteria; using antibacterial mouth rinses; limiting dietary intake of foods and drinks with high sugar contents; and having regular visits and discussions with your oral health care professional, as they can provide best practices catered to your oral health needs (Ferreira Zandoná et al., 2016). This proactive and comprehensive approach minimizes the occurrence of dental caries and can lead to improved quality of life, better oral health, and reduced long-term dental care costs.

In 2022, Chief Dental Officer Dr Irving McKenzie said, “Our oral health is integrally related to our general health and well-being,” (Angus, 2022) in recognition of this statement, as well as mounting evidence in support of it, speaks about prioritisation of oral health promotion and investment in oral health must be elevated to its rightful place on the national agenda. This involves supporting the implementation of policies and strategies, ensuring access to fundamental and equitable oral healthcare, and actively engaging in community-based oral health education programs. Therefore, investing in oral health is crucial for preventing and managing oral diseases, as well as for promoting and safeguarding the holistic well-being of the Jamaican community.