WASHINGTON, DC, USA (AP) — The Trump Administration has issued a stern warning to US companies as they begin applying for coveted skilled-worker visas, cautioning that it would investigate and prosecute those who overlook qualified American workers for jobs.

The message came on the opening day of applications for American employers seeking visas known as H-1B, which are used mostly by technology companies to bring in programmers and other specialised workers from other countries.

“US workers should not be placed in a disfavoured status, and the department is wholeheartedly committed to investigating and vigorously prosecuting these claims,” Tom Wheeler, acting head of the Justice Department’s Civil Rights Division, said in a statement.

The Obama Administration sued companies for violating the Immigration and Nationality Act’s anti-discrimination provisions, including businesses that favoured foreigners over US workers. But Monday’s warning in a news release at the start of the visa process appeared to be a first-of-its kind signal to employers not to put American workers at a disadvantage.

US Citizenship and Immigration Services also announced that it would step up its reviews of employers that use H-1B visas, saying “too many American workers who are qualified, willing and deserving to work in these fields have been ignored or unfairly disadvantaged”.

The statements were the latest indication that even legal immigration will be scrutinised under the Trump administration.

While enforcement of visa abuses is not new, the aggressive position on the H-1B programme is a different approach. White House spokesman Sean Spicer also addressed the issue at the beginning of his daily press briefing, saying the Administration will crack down on businesses that discriminate against US workers by using the visa programme to hire foreigners.

Yet, the crackdown comes as no surprise. President Donald Trump promised as a candidate for office to “end forever the use of the H-1B as a cheap labour programme”. A draft proposal circulated in January promised to review existing regulations, find ways to allocate visas more efficiently and ensure that beneficiaries are “the best and the brightest”.

Trump has yet to issue that order; the enforcement effort announced Monday could be an interim measure while a broader overhaul is worked out.

The H-1B programme is open to a broad range of occupations, including architects, professors and even fashion models. Companies must affirm that the job requires a specialty skill that cannot be filled by a US worker, but critics say safeguards are weak. They argue the programme routinely lets in foreign workers with minimal skills, even though these visas are supposed to be reserved for highly specialised jobs that are difficult to fill with US workers.

The tech industry insists the H1-B programme is vital. Proponents say the programme encourages students to stay in the US after getting their degrees in high-tech specialties. He said many of them go on to start companies and hire US workers.

Critics called the announcement and increased enforcement a step toward reform.

“While the laws/regs are chock-full of major loopholes, the US Government hasn’t vigorously enforced them,” longtime critic Ron Hira, a Howard University professor, said in an e-mail. “I suspect that many H-1B dependent firms are not complying with good faith recruiting promises. DHS investigations would help shed light on this.”