LOS ANGELES (AP) — A report on the death of Mongolian Groom in the Breeders’ Cup Classic at Santa Anita says veterinarians missed opportunities to remove the gelding from the US$6-million race because of time constraints or deficiencies in the process used to evaluate horses.

In the 20-page report issued Wednesday (January 15), Dr Larry Bramlage identified six suggested improvements aimed at refining safety and evaluation protocols for future events.

Mongolian Groom, a four-year-old gelding, suffered what Cup officials described as “a serious fracture” of his left hind leg in the late stages of the Classic last November, which was shown on national television. Four vets recommended that he be euthanised.

Bramlage noted it was “unlikely” that the track surface influenced Mongolian Groom’s injury since it had recently been removed and redone and there was no significant rain at the time. He said the question of whether Santa Anita’s surface predisposes horses to an increased incidence of injury long-term was beyond the scope of his report.

Bramlage said Mongolian Groom had small stress fractures in both hind cannon bones before the Classic, but they hadn’t caused any inflammation in the fetlock joint even though they were just millimetres away from the joint surface. He said once the gelding’s left hind fracture occurred during the race, it resulted in a chain of events that created the fatal injury.

“There is no evidence that the horse’s injury was ignored or covered up,” Bramlage wrote.

He said the defect in Mongolian Groom’s left hind cannon bone was roughly one-quarter inch in size and not easily spotted on X-rays. It would have taken a combination of confirming lameness and X-ray proof to diagnose.

“It is not an easy task at any time,” Bramlage wrote, “but is especially difficult in the circumstances of a pre-race examination.”

Bramlage also found there was “no reason to believe medication played any role in the horse’s injury”.

During Breeders’ Cup week, Bramlage said Mongolian Groom was informally on a watch list for increased observation, but he said four other Classic runners were on the same list. In all, 24 Cup horses — including Mongolian Groom — were on the list for extra scrutiny. Of those, eight were disqualified from competition.

Three different officials made multiple observations that Mongolian Groom was “stiff” or “choppy” from behind, but was symmetrical in both hind legs, similar to his previous two races. He was one of 17 horses that had such issues on the pre-race barn exams. Sixteen of those horses competed without incident.

“It is hard to fault a process that had a 99.6 per cent accuracy rate,” Bramlage said, noting that of the 229 horses that competed in last year’s world championships, Mongolian Groom was the only one to be injured.

Bramlage’s six recommendations were:

— Pre-identify horses before arrival at the event with histories of concerns to be looked at.

— Focus responsibility for individual horse exams. Seven regulatory vets looked at Mongolian Groom a total of 10 times and Bramlage concluded that had there been fewer people, a more focused assessment may have resulted.

— Improve the quality of on-track observations leading up to the event.

— Create space in the barn area where regulatory vets could observe horses on the extra security list jog in a circle.

— Make diagnostic imaging part of the pre-race exams for selected horses.

— Take advantage of all available video footage of horses before the event.