FRANKFURT, Germany (AFP) — Germany’s economy is expected to post zero growth in 2025, outgoing Economy Minister Robert Habeck said Thursday, blaming US President Donald Trump’s trade policy.

“The US trade policy of threatening and imposing tariffs has a direct impact on the German economy, which is very export-oriented,” he said, presenting the forecast.

The German government had previously expected slight GDP growth of 0.3 per cent for this year for Europe’s top economy, which shrank for the past two years.

It also cut its growth forecast for 2026 to one per cent from 1.1 per cent.

The United States is Germany’s largest trading partner and last year took about 10 per cent of its exports, from cars to chemicals.

Under Trump it now levies a 10 per cent tariff on European Union exports into the country, having earlier announced a 20 per cent rate which was then paused.

“Tariffs and trade policy turbulence are hitting the German economy harder than other nations,” Habeck said.

“We depend on open markets, functioning markets, and a globalised world. That’s what has made this country rich,” he told a Berlin press conference.

– ‘Made in Germany is over’ –
German GDP shrank by 0.3 per cent in 2023 and by 0.2 per cent in 2024, suffering from higher energy prices following Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine.

It has also been hit by increasingly fierce Chinese competition in key industries such as automobiles and machinery.

“I would say that we are going through a paradigm shift when it comes to the basic earners for the German economy,” Habeck said.

“Our big trade partners, China and the USA, and our neighbour, Russia, are causing us problems.”

Looking ahead, Habeck voiced hope the impact of a major new spending package worth many hundreds of billions of euros could help revive the economy under the next government under conservative Friedrich Merz, who is expected to take power in early May.

“It’s good that investments are finally being made,” Habeck said, adding that they “can offset the slump or the pressure on foreign trade to some extent”.

The growth forecast took into account the extra public investment and also assumed there would be no further escalation of the tariff “madness”, he said.

Habeck also called on his successors to strengthen European unity and independence so that Germany could hold its own against economic giants.

“‘Made in Germany is over’,” he said. “We are a single market and it is through that market that we will bring investment back into Europe.”

“We must support the EU in taking a clear position, in negotiating confidently with the USA and at the same helping it be prepared to impose effective counter-measures.”