WASHINGTON, United States (AFP) — President Donald Trump on Thursday called for the death penalty for the Uzbek national charged with carrying out the New York truck attack, demanding swift justice.

But the death penalty remains a rare sentence — and typically it takes years to be carried out. Sayfullo Saipov, a 29-year-old immigrant from Uzbekistan, is accused of killing eight people in Tuesday’s onslaught on a bike path in lower Manhattan.

Most crimes are tried under state law but New York is not one of the 31 US states that has capital punishment.

“I’m not someone who believes in the death penalty in general,” New York’s Democratic Mayor Bill de Blasio told a news conference on Thursday. “I believe this is an individual who should rot in prison for the rest of his life.”

The federal government, however, can seek the death penalty for crimes codified under federal law as capital offenses.

Destruction of a motor vehicle resulting in death — a charge prosecutors have already filed against Saipov — also is a federal crime punishable by death.

Other capital offenses under federal law are treason, espionage, large-scale drug trafficking, assassination of the president or member of Congress, murder by use of explosives or chemical weapons, torture, war crimes, genocide, death resulting from aircraft hijacking, or death resulting from the deprivation of constitutional rights.

Since capital punishment was reinstated under federal law in 1988, the US Department of Justice has sought it in 300 cases.

Seventy-six of those federal cases resulted in death sentences, but 12 were later reviewed. Only three federal executions have been carried out, including that of Timothy McVeigh, who killed 168 people in a truck bombing in Oklahoma City in 1995.

There are currently 61 people, including one woman, on death row for federal crimes.

Most are held in a high security prison in Terre Haute, Indiana — and despite the varied list of capital offenses, all were sentenced after being convicted of murder-related charges.

Some are notable for the high profile nature of their crimes, such as Boston Marathon bomber Djokhar Tsarnaev and white supremacist Dylann Roof.

Roof was sentenced to death in January for killing nine black people in a shooting at a South Carolina church in 2015. He was prosecuted on 33 federal charges, including hate crimes resulting in death.

The difference in the number of criminals executed and the number condemned to death illustrates the long gap between sentencing and administering the lethal injection.

Experts say the federal government, unlike some states, shows little eagerness to execute – and in any case, appeal processes can last years, and even decades.