Jamaica’s labour market showed notable improvements in the first quarter of 2024, with the unemployment rate dropping to a historic low of 4.2 per cent, down from 5.4 per cent in January, according to the latest data from the Statistical Institute of Jamaica (Statin). However, the report highlights continuing gender and youth challenges.

Employment figures indicate that, as of April 2024, 1.42 million individuals in the Jamaican labour force were employed, with a slight gender disparity: 762,200 males compared to 658,100 females.

“Among them were 24,800 or 1.7 per cent employed individuals who were underemployed (time-related), meaning they worked part-time but desired more hours,” the Statin said.

Despite overall improvements, the female unemployment rate was 5.3 per cent, higher than the 3.3 per cent rate for males, suggesting that job availability remains skewed in favour of male workers.

In youth employment, the jobless rate saw a modest reduction to 14.8 per cent from 16 per cent in January, showing that more young people are finding employment. Statin’s data also shows a decline in youth not in education, employment, or training (NEET), dropping to 19.1 per cent from 20.5 per cent, pointing toward increasing youth engagement in work and education.

“While youth unemployment has decreased to 14.8 per cent, continued focus is essential to further engage young people in both employment and education,” Statin explained.

Labour force participation held steady, with an overall participation rate of 68.8 per cent. Notably, 672,700 individuals remain outside the labour force, with a higher number of females (402,500) than males (270,200) in this group.

In terms of job sectors, “Services and Sales Workers” accounted for the largest occupation group, representing 22.9 per cent of all employed persons, particularly among females, who dominate this segment. The next largest occupations were “Elementary Occupations” and “Skilled Agricultural, Forestry, and Fishery Workers.” Within industry sectors, wholesale and retail trade was the largest employer, with 265,100 people, or 18.7 per cent of the workforce, and had a slight female majority.

In its latest report, the Statin also addressed improvements in data collection practices in the labour force survey.

“The revised Labour Force Survey incorporates updated definitions and classifications that align with international standards, offering a clearer insight into Jamaica’s labour market dynamics,” the Statin said. The adjustment aligns Jamaica’s labour data with global best practices, making it comparable across regions and ensuring accuracy in tracking employment trends.