St Louis trial highlights gender bias in pay

MISSOURI, USA – FROM male-only corporate jets to guys’ golf outings and hunting trips, Francine Katz says her time in the Anheuser-Busch executive suite was rife with exclusion and outright discrimination. But it wasn’t until the King of Beers’ 2008 sale to Belgian brewer InBev that she says she realised the boy’s club atmosphere was costing her millions.

In a 20-year career that saw her rise from a young corporate lawyer to a vice president, key strategist and the beer maker’s top female executive, Katz became the face of her hometown employer, defending the maker of Budweiser and Bud Light from overzealous regulators and anti-alcohol crusaders.

Now she’s accusing Anheuser-Busch of sex discrimination, arguing in a lawsuit that reached trial this week that top male executives — including former CEOs August Busch III and his son, August Busch IV — purposely paid her less because she’s a woman. Six years after the sale of AB to InBev, the trial fascinates a company town, threatening to heap unwanted publicity to a family dynasty that’s had its share.

“This was a company run by men who were unaccustomed to working with women at high levels,” Katz’s attorney, Mary Anne Sedey, told the jury of seven women and five men in opening arguments of a trial expected to last several weeks.

In March, the White House Council on Economic Advisers issued a report noting that on average full-time working women earn 77 cents for every dollar earned by their male counterparts. Critics of the report said that figure oversimplifies the situation, but even they concede that women with advanced degrees in fields such as medicine and law face a persistent wage gap as their careers advance.

Counting bonuses and stock options, Katz earned more than US$1 million annually after her 2002 promotion to vice-president of communications and consumer affairs and elevation to the company’s influential strategy committee. Her predecessor, former National Urban League President John Jacob, earned four times that amount in his final year, Katz’s lawyer said. Katz said she didn’t realise the pay gap until reviewing tax filings connected to the sale to InBev.

Katz said August Busch III called her “ungrateful” after she raised complaints about the disparity.

“Make no mistake about it. Francine Katz earned a lot of money at Anheuser-Busch,” Sedey said. “But like so many women in this country, Francine Katz was significantly underpaid.”

Her attorney said Katz deserves at least US$9.4 million she was entitled to from 2002 to 2008, plus punitive damages. In 2008, her final year with the company, Katz reported more than US$14 million in income on her federal tax returns, an amount that includes stock options she cashed in.

Lawyers for Anheuser-Busch counter that Katz’s salary, benefits and bonuses compared favourably to those in similar positions at Coca-Cola, Proctor & Gamble and other large US corporations. They suggested that her primary duty involved public relations, while Jacob had far more substantive responsibilities, including as August Busch III’s trusted confidant.

“Francine Katz was paid based on her job, not her gender,” said Anheuser-Busch attorney Jim Bennett. “There was a fair process used, a rigorous process used.”

Both August Busch III and his son and namesake, who led the company for two years before its sale, are expected to testify, perhaps as soon as Friday. Their presence is sure to draw attention in St Louis, where numerous buildings — including the St Louis Cardinals’ stadium — bear the family name.

The elder Busch, 76, succeeded his father as CEO in 1975 at 38 in a coup initially resisted by August “Gussie” Busch Jr. August Busch III remained in charge for nearly three decades before his 2002 retirement and stayed on as chairman of its board of directors through 2006. Under his watch, the family business founded by German immigrants in 1876 became the country’s largest brewer.

Colleagues and underlings said Busch ruled with a hair-trigger temper. Katz testified that Jacob told her Busch avoided discussing a contentious environmental issue with her because he was afraid Katz would cry.

August Busch IV, 49, was better known for his legal missteps and love of nightlife before his ascendancy to the boardroom. As a sophomore at the University of Arizona, Busch caused a 1983 car accident that led to the death of his 22-year-old passenger, waitress Michele Frederick. A seven-month police investigation of a possible involuntary manslaughter concluded without charges being filed.

In 2010, the younger Busch re-entered the spotlight when his 27-year-old girlfriend died of an accidental drug overdose at his mansion. He later settled a wrongful-death lawsuit filed by Adrienne Martin’s family for US$1.75 million.

Katz testified that Busch and another company executive forced her to fly on a separate corporate plane when the group travelled to Ohio for meetings with government officials. On other occasions, she was excluded from corporate golf tournaments and other functions, she said.

“I felt invisible,” Katz said.