WASHINGTON DC, United States — FIRETRUCKS and concrete mixers, semis, heavy-duty pickups and all trucks in between will, for the first time, have to trim fuel consumption and emissions of heat-trapping gases under new US efficiency standards announced yesterday by President Barack Obama.

The White House said the standards will save businesses billions of dollars in fuel costs, help reduce oil consumption and cut air pollution. The standards apply to vehicle model years 2014 to 2018.

The new targets affect three categories of vehicles. Big rigs or semis will have to slash fuel consumption and production of heat-trapping gases by up to 23 per cent. Gasoline-powered heavy-duty pickups and vans will have to cut consumption by 10 per cent, or by 15 per cent if the vehicles run on diesel fuel.

The standards also prescribe a nine per cent reduction in fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions for work trucks, which include everything from firetrucks and concrete mixers to garbage trucks and buses.

In a statement, Obama said the new standards had the support of companies that build, buy and drive medium- and heavy-duty trucks.

The president had planned to unveil the standards at a trucking business in Virginia, a state crucial to his re-election hopes, but the White House cancelled the trip yesterday morning without explanation. Instead, the president met privately at the White House with industry officials to discuss the initiative.

The White House projected savings of 530 million barrels of oil and US$50 billion in fuel costs over the expected lives of the vehicles covered by the new standards, along with improved air quality and public health.

The administration released no miles-per-gallon (kilometres-per-litre) equivalent for the new standards, saying that doing so would be confusing given the different categories of vehicles, the different types of vehicles in each category and the varying payloads that each one carries.

Officials did stress that the costs of making the trucks more fuel efficient — ranging from hundreds to thousands of dollars per vehicle — will be recouped through reduced fuel costs over the lifetime of the vehicles.

It is the second round of fuel efficiency standards in the past month.

Last month, Obama announced a deal with automakers to double overall fuel economy to 54.5 miles per gallon (23.2 kilometres per litre) by 2025, starting in model year 2017. Cars and light trucks now on the road average 27 mpg (11 kpl).

That followed a 2009 deal committing cars and trucks to averaging 35.5 mpg (15.1 kpl) by model year 2016.